Plot driver standings in a heatmap

Plot the points for each driven in each race of a given season in a heatmap, as https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/mateusz.karmalski/viz/F1ResultsTracker2022

import pandas as pd
import plotly.express as px
from plotly.io import show

from fastf1.ergast import Ergast

First, we load the results for season 2022.

ergast = Ergast()
races = ergast.get_race_schedule(2022)  # Races in year 2022
results = []

# For each race in the season
for rnd, race in races['raceName'].items():

    # Get results. Note that we use the round no. + 1, because the round no.
    # starts from one (1) instead of zero (0)
    temp = ergast.get_race_results(season=2022, round=rnd + 1)
    temp = temp.content[0]

    # If there is a sprint, get the results as well
    sprint = ergast.get_sprint_results(season=2022, round=rnd + 1)
    if sprint.content and sprint.description['round'][0] == rnd + 1:
        temp = pd.merge(temp, sprint.content[0], on='driverCode', how='left')
        # Add sprint points and race points to get the total
        temp['points'] = temp['points_x'] + temp['points_y']
        temp.drop(columns=['points_x', 'points_y'], inplace=True)

    # Add round no. and grand prix name
    temp['round'] = rnd + 1
    temp['race'] = race.removesuffix(' Grand Prix')
    temp = temp[['round', 'race', 'driverCode', 'points']]  # Keep useful cols.
    results.append(temp)

# Append all races into a single dataframe
results = pd.concat(results)
races = results['race'].drop_duplicates()

Request for URL https://ergast.com/api/f1/2022/20/results.json failed; using cached response
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 536, in _make_request
    response = conn.getresponse()
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 464, in getresponse
    httplib_response = super().getresponse()
                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dev\py3.12.1_64\Lib\http\client.py", line 1419, in getresponse
    response.begin()
  File "C:\Dev\py3.12.1_64\Lib\http\client.py", line 331, in begin
    version, status, reason = self._read_status()
                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dev\py3.12.1_64\Lib\http\client.py", line 292, in _read_status
    line = str(self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1), "iso-8859-1")
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dev\py3.12.1_64\Lib\socket.py", line 707, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dev\py3.12.1_64\Lib\ssl.py", line 1253, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dev\py3.12.1_64\Lib\ssl.py", line 1105, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
TimeoutError: The read operation timed out

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 667, in send
    resp = conn.urlopen(
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 843, in urlopen
    retries = retries.increment(
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 474, in increment
    raise reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\util.py", line 39, in reraise
    raise value
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 789, in urlopen
    response = self._make_request(
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 538, in _make_request
    self._raise_timeout(err=e, url=url, timeout_value=read_timeout)
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 369, in _raise_timeout
    raise ReadTimeoutError(
urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='ergast.com', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=5.0)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\requests_cache\session.py", line 286, in _resend
    response = self._send_and_cache(request, actions, cached_response, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\requests_cache\session.py", line 254, in _send_and_cache
    response = super().send(request, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\src\fastf1\req.py", line 132, in send
    return super().send(request, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 703, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Dateien\Code\Formula1\FastF1\FastF1\venvs\venv312\Lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 713, in send
    raise ReadTimeout(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ReadTimeout: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='ergast.com', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=5.0)

Then we “reshape” the results to a wide table, where each row represents a driver and each column refers to a race, and the cell value is the points.

results = results.pivot(index='driverCode', columns='round', values='points')
# Here we have a 22-by-22 matrix (22 races and 22 drivers, incl. DEV and HUL)

# Rank the drivers by their total points
results['total_points'] = results.sum(axis=1)
results = results.sort_values(by='total_points', ascending=False)
results.drop(columns='total_points', inplace=True)

# Use race name, instead of round no., as column names
results.columns = races

The final step is to plot a heatmap using plotly

fig = px.imshow(
    results,
    text_auto=True,
    aspect='auto',  # Automatically adjust the aspect ratio
    color_continuous_scale=[[0,    'rgb(198, 219, 239)'],  # Blue scale
                            [0.25, 'rgb(107, 174, 214)'],
                            [0.5,  'rgb(33,  113, 181)'],
                            [0.75, 'rgb(8,   81,  156)'],
                            [1,    'rgb(8,   48,  107)']],
    labels={'x': 'Race',
            'y': 'Driver',
            'color': 'Points'}       # Change hover texts
)
fig.update_xaxes(title_text='')      # Remove axis titles
fig.update_yaxes(title_text='')
fig.update_yaxes(tickmode='linear')  # Show all ticks, i.e. driver names
fig.update_yaxes(showgrid=True, gridwidth=1, gridcolor='LightGrey',
                 showline=False,
                 tickson='boundaries')              # Show horizontal grid only
fig.update_xaxes(showgrid=False, showline=False)    # And remove vertical grid
fig.update_layout(plot_bgcolor='rgba(0,0,0,0)')     # White background
fig.update_layout(coloraxis_showscale=False)        # Remove legend
fig.update_layout(xaxis=dict(side='top'))           # x-axis on top
fig.update_layout(margin=dict(l=0, r=0, b=0, t=0))  # Remove border margins
fig
show(fig)